Zinc Borate is an inorganic compound, a
borate of zinc. It is a white crystalline or amorphous powder
insoluble in water. Its toxicity is low. Its melting point is
980oC.
Zinc borate is primarily used as a flame retardant in plastics
and cellulose fibers, paper, rubbers and textiles. It is also
used in paints, adhesives, and pigments. As a flame retardant, it
can replace antimony trioxide as a synergist in both
halogen-based and halogen-free systems. It is an anti-dripping
and char-promoting agent, and suppresses the afterglow. In
electrical insulator plastics it suppresses arcing and tracking.
In halogen-containing systems, zinc borate is used together with
antimony trioxide and alumina trihydrate. It catalyzes formation
of char and creates a protective layer of glass. Zinc catalyzes
the release of halogens by forming zinc halides and zinc
oxyhalides.
In halogen-free system, zinc borate can be used together with
alumina trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide, red phosphorus,or
ammonium polyphosphate. While burning the plastics, a porous
borate ceramics is formed that protects the underlying layers. In
presence of silica, borosilicate glass can be formed at plastic
burning temperatures.
Zinc borate is used in polyvinyl
chloride, polyolefins, polyamides, epoxy
resins, polyesters, thermoplastic elastomers, rubbers, etc. It is
also used in some intumescent systems.
Zinc borate has synergistic effect with zinc phosphate or barium
borate as a corrosion inhibitor pigment.
Zinc borate acts as a broad-spectrum fungicide in plastics and
wood products.
Zinc borate can be used as a flux in some ceramics. In
electrical insulators it improves the ceramics properties.
Nanopowder zinc borate can be used for the applications above,
and also for improving the frictional properties of lubricating
oils.
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